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A1. Nonmotile algae without chloroplasts:
Cyanobacteriophyta
A2. Motile algae with chloroplasts and flagella
B1. Motile single-cell algae
B2. Motile colonies with 4 or more cells
C1. Cells with two equal flagella in colonies with 4 or more cells
C2. Cells with two dissimilar flagella
D1. Cells smooth (not spiny); enclosed in vase-like lorica, forming tree-like colonies:
Dinobryon
D2. Cells covered with small scales (scaled chrysophytes); may also have short or long spines
D3. Cells not covered with scales or spines; may be enclosed in grainy mucilage or lorica
E1. Cells smooth (not spiny); solitary or in colonies of oval or teardrop-shaped cells joined by long, fragile mucilage threads:
Uroglena
and
Uroglenopsis
E2. Cells smooth (not spiny); colonies spherical, surrounded by mucilage containing tiny scales excreted by cells:
Neotessella
A3. Nonmotile algae with chloroplasts but without flagella
A4. Cells with paired, symmetric semi-cells:
Desmids
A5. Cells enclosed in glassy, ornamental frustules:
Diatoms