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A1. Nonmotile algae without chloroplasts: Cyanobacteriophyta
A2. Nonmotile algae with chloroplasts
B1. Cells usually solitary
B2. Nonmotile colonies with two or more cells
B3. Filamentous algae including pseudofilaments (see epiphyte links for epiphytic filaments)
B4. Cells living inside zooplankton or other aquatic animals (endozoic) or attached to aquatic plants (epiphytic)
C1. Chlorella-like cells living inside zooplankton and other aquatic animals (endozoic):
Zoochlorella group
C2. Some or all cells with one or more long hair-like extensions (setae)
C3. Cells lack hair-like extensions(setae)
D1. Colonies comprised of 4-cell groups, forming irregular, somewhat rectangular clumps; cells golden brown; usually epiphytic:
Plaeoplaca
D2. Cells enclosed in rigid vase-like or cylindrical lorica:
Epipyxis
D3. Cells fusiform, oval, elliptical, or crescent-shaped; cells sessile or attached by long or short stipe:
Characium
,
Characiopsis
,
Pseudocharacium
, and similar
D4. Cells form tree-like structure; usually epiphytic, but occasionally dislodged into plankton:
Ophiocytium abuscula
A3. Motile algae with chloroplasts and flagella
A4. Cells divided into paired semi-cells that are approximate mirror images of each other:
Desmids
A5. Cells enclosed in glassy, ornamental frustules; many species exhibit gliding movement:
Diatoms