A1. NONMOTILE ALGAE WITHOUT CHLOROPLASTS: CYANOBACTERIA
B1. VEGETATIVE CELLS USUALLY SOLITARY
B2. VEGETATIVE CELLS UNITED INTO COLONIES
C1. CELLS ARRANGED IN A SINGLE LAYER FORMING FLAT COLONIES
C2. CELLS ARRANGED IN CUBICAL COLONIES
D1. SMALL SPHERICAL CELLS IN DENSE, CUBICAL COLONIES: Eucapsis
D2. CELLS IN GROUPS OF 2 OR 4; COLONIES OCCASIONALLY CUBICAL BUT USUALLY IN AMORPHOUS: Chroococcus
D3. CELLS FORMING CUBICAL, SPHERICAL, OR IRREGULAR SUBGROUPS WITHIN LARGER COLONIES: Microcystis (in part)
C3. CELLS ARRANGED IN SPHERICAL OR NEARLY SPHERICAL COLONIES
C4. CELLS ARRANGED INTO IRREGULAR, AMORPHOUS COLONIES
B3. VEGETATIVE CELLS ALIGNED END-TO-END FORMING FILAMENTS OR PSEUDOFILAMENTS
A2. NONMOTILE ALGAE WITH CHLOROPLASTS
A3. MOTILE ALGAE WITH CHLOROPLASTS AND FLAGELLA
A4. CELLS DIVIDED INTO MIRROR-IMAGE SEMI-CELLS: Desmids (see key at cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks/14/ )
A5. CELLS ENCLOSED IN GLASSY, ORNAMENTAL FRUSTULES: Diatoms (see key at diatoms.org)